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+---
+type: concept
+title: "Abaqus Progressive Damage and Failure"
+complexity: advanced
+domain: computational-mechanics
+created: 2026-06-01
+updated: 2026-06-01
+address: c-000098
+aliases:
+  - Abaqus damage initiation
+  - Abaqus damage evolution
+  - Abaqus element deletion
+  - Abaqus composite damage
+tags:
+  - concept
+  - finite-element-method
+  - abaqus
+  - damage
+  - failure
+  - materials
+status: current
+related:
+  - "[[Abaqus-Analysis-User-s-Guide-Volume-III|Abaqus Analysis User's Guide Volume III]]"
+  - "[[Abaqus Metal Plasticity Models]]"
+  - "[[Abaqus Fracture and Enriched Discontinuity Modeling]]"
+  - "[[Abaqus Output Database and Results Files]]"
+  - "[[Nonlinear Finite Element Analysis]]"
+sources:
+  - "[[Abaqus-Analysis-User-s-Guide-Volume-III|Abaqus Analysis User's Guide Volume III]]"
+---
+
+# Abaqus Progressive Damage and Failure
+
+## Definition
+
+Abaqus progressive damage and failure models degrade material stiffness after a damage initiation criterion is met and can remove failed elements from the calculation.
+
+## How It Works
+
+The guide organizes failure modeling into four parts: the undamaged material response, damage initiation, damage evolution, and optional element deletion. For ductile metals, Abaqus supports multiple initiation criteria, including ductile, shear, forming-limit, forming-limit-stress, MSFLD, and Marciniak-Kuczynski criteria. Damage evolution then progressively degrades stiffness.
+
+For fiber-reinforced composites, the undamaged response is treated as linearly elastic, damage initiation is based on Hashin-type criteria, and damage evolution is based on energy dissipated during the damage process. For low-cycle fatigue in Abaqus/Standard, damage initiation and evolution are driven by accumulated inelastic hysteresis energy per stabilized cycle in the direct cyclic workflow.
+
+The source highlights mesh dependency in softening materials. Abaqus alleviates this by using a characteristic length tied to element size and expressing damage evolution in a stress-displacement or energy-per-area form rather than a purely local stress-strain softening curve.
+
+## Why It Matters
+
+Failure simulation changes the finite element problem from smooth nonlinear constitutive response to localization, stiffness degradation, and topology change. Without attention to characteristic length, energy dissipation, and element deletion side effects, results can become mesh-dependent or numerically unstable.
+
+## Connections
+
+- [[Abaqus Metal Plasticity Models]] supplies many of the plasticity models combined with ductile damage.
+- [[Abaqus Fracture and Enriched Discontinuity Modeling]] is the adjacent crack-analysis and XFEM thread.
+- [[Abaqus Output Database and Results Files]] records status, scalar degradation, and damage-related output variables.
+
+## Sources
+
+- [[Abaqus-Analysis-User-s-Guide-Volume-III|Abaqus Analysis User's Guide Volume III]]
+