CPEG6(S)6-node quadratic triangle
CPEG6H(S)6-node quadratic triangle, hybrid with linear pressure
CPEG6M(S)6-node modified, with hourglass control
CPEG6MH(S)6-node modified, with hourglass control, hybrid with linear pressure
CPEG8(S)8-node biquadratic quadrilateral
CPEG8H(S)8-node biquadratic quadrilateral, hybrid with linear pressure
CPEG8R(S)8-node biquadratic quadrilateral, reduced integration
CPEG8RH(S)8-node biquadratic quadrilateral, reduced integration, hybrid with linear pressure
# Active degrees of freedom 1, 2 at all but the reference node 3, 4, 5 at the reference node # Additional solution variables The constant pressure hybrid elements have one additional variable relating to pressure, and the linear pressure hybrid elements have three additional variables relating to pressure. Element types CPEG4I and CPEG4IH have five additional variables relating to the incompatible modes. Element types CPEG6M and CPEG6MH have two additional displacement variables. # Coupled temperature-displacement plane strain elements
CPE3T3-node linear displacement and temperature
CPE4T(S)4-node bilinear displacement and temperature
CPE4HT(S)4-node bilinear displacement and temperature, hybrid with constant pressure
CPE4RT4-node bilinear displacement and temperature, reduced integration with hourglass control
CPE4RHT(S)4-node bilinear displacement and temperature, reduced integration with hourglass control, hybrid with constant pressure
CPE6MT6-node modified displacement and temperature, with hourglass control
CPE6MHT(S)6-node modified displacement and temperature, with hourglass control, hybrid with constant pressure
CPE8T(S)8-node biquadratic displacement, bilinear temperature
CPE8HT(S)8-node biquadratic displacement, bilinear temperature, hybrid with linear pressure
CPE8RT(S)8-node biquadratic displacement, bilinear temperature, reduced integration
CPE8RHT(S)8-node biquadratic displacement, bilinear temperature, reduced integration, hybrid with linear pressure
# Active degrees of freedom 1, 2, 11 at corner nodes 1, 2 at midside nodes of second-order elements in Abaqus/Standard 1, 2, 11 at midside nodes of modified displacement and temperature elements in Abaqus/Standard # Additional solution variables The constant pressure hybrid elements have one additional variable relating to pressure, and the linear pressure hybrid elements have three additional variables relating to pressure. Element types CPE6MT and CPE6MHT have two additional displacement variables and one additional temperature variable. # Coupled temperature-displacement plane stress elements
CPS3T3-node linear displacement and temperature
CPS4T(S)4-node bilinear displacement and temperature
CPS4RT4-node bilinear displacement and temperature, reduced integration with hourglass control
CPS6MT6-node modified displacement and temperature, with hourglass control
CPS8T(S)8-node biquadratic displacement, bilinear temperature
CPS8RT(S)8-node biquadratic displacement, bilinear temperature, reduced integration
# Active degrees of freedom 1, 2, 11 at corner nodes 1, 2 at midside nodes of second-order elements in Abaqus/Standard 1, 2, 11 at midside nodes of modified displacement and temperature elements in Abaqus/Standard # Additional solution variables Element type CPS6MT has two additional displacement variables and one additional temperature variable. # Coupled temperature-displacement generalized plane strain elements
CPEG3T(S)3-node linear displacement and temperature
CPEG3HT(S)3-node linear displacement and temperature, hybrid with constant pressure
CPEG4T(S)4-node bilinear displacement and temperature
CPEG4HT(S)4-node bilinear displacement and temperature, hybrid with constant pressure
CPEG4RT(S)4-node bilinear displacement and temperature, reduced integration with hourglass control
CPEG4RHT(S)4-node bilinear displacement and temperature, reduced integration with hourglass control, hybrid with constant pressure
CPEG6MT(S)6-node modified displacement and temperature, with hourglass control
CPEG6MHT(S)6-node modified displacement and temperature, with hourglass control, hybrid with constant pressure
CPEG8T(S)8-node biquadratic displacement, bilinear temperature
CPEG8HT(S)8-node biquadratic displacement, bilinear temperature, hybrid with linear pressure
CPEG8RHT(S)8-node biquadratic displacement, bilinear temperature, reduced integration, hybrid with linear pressure
# Active degrees of freedom 1, 2, 11 at corner nodes 1, 2 at midside nodes of second-order elements 1, 2, 11 at midside nodes of modified displacement and temperature elements 3, 4, 5 at the reference node # Additional solution variables The constant pressure hybrid elements have one additional variable relating to pressure, and the linear pressure hybrid elements have three additional variables relating to pressure. Element types CPEG6MT and CPEG6MHT have two additional displacement variables and one additional temperature variable. # Diffusive heat transfer or mass diffusion elements DC2D3(S) 3-node linear DC2D4(S) 4-node linear DC2D6(S) 6-node quadratic DC2D8(S) 8-node biquadratic Active degree of freedom 11 Additional solution variables None. # Forced convection/diffusion elements DCC2D4(S) 4-node DCC2D4D(S) 4-node with dispersion control Active degree of freedom 11 Additional solution variables Coupled thermal-electrical elements
DC2D3E(S)3-node linear
DC2D4E(S)4-node linear
DC2D6E(S)6-node quadratic
DC2D8E(S)8-node biquadratic
Active degrees of freedom 9, 11 Additional solution variables None. Pore pressure plane strain elements
CPE4P(S)4-node bilinear displacement and pore pressure
CPE4PH(S)4-node bilinear displacement and pore pressure, hybrid with constant pressure stress
CPE4RP(S)4-node bilinear displacement and pore pressure, reduced integration with hourglass control
CPE4RPH(S)4-node bilinear displacement and pore pressure, reduced integration with hourglass control, hybrid with constant pressure
CPE6MP(S)6-node modified displacement and pore pressure, with hourglass control
CPE6MPH(S)6-node modified displacement and pore pressure, with hourglass control, hybrid with linear pressure
CPE8P(S)8-node biquadratic displacement, bilinear pore pressure
CPE8PH(S)8-node biquadratic displacement, bilinear pore pressure, hybrid with linear pressure stress
CPE8RP(S)8-node biquadratic displacement, bilinear pore pressure, reduced integration
CPE8RPH(S)8-node biquadratic displacement, bilinear pore pressure, reduced integration, hybrid with linear pressure stress
Active degrees of freedom 1, 2, 8 at corner nodes 1, 2 at midside nodes for all elements except CPE6MP and CPE6MPH, which also have degree of freedom 8 active at midside nodes # Additional solution variables The constant pressure hybrid elements have one additional variable relating to the effective pressure stress, and the linear pressure hybrid elements have three additional variables relating to the effective pressure stress to permit fully incompressible material modeling. Element types CPE6MP and CPE6MPH have two additional displacement variables and one additional pore pressure variable. # Coupled temperature–pore pressure plane strain elements
CPE4PT(S)4-node bilinear displacement, pore pressure, and temperature
CPE4PHT(S)4-node bilinear displacement, pore pressure, and temperature; hybrid with constant pressure stress
CPE4RPT(S)4-node bilinear displacement, pore pressure, and temperature; reduced integration
CPE4RPHT(S)4-node bilinear displacement, pore pressure, and temperature; reduced integration, hybrid with constant pressure stress
Active degrees of freedom 1, 2, 8, 11 at corner nodes # Additional solution variables The constant pressure stress hybrid elements have one additional variable relating to the effective pressure stress to permit fully incompressible material modeling. # Acoustic elements
AC2D33-node linear
AC2D4(S)4-node bilinear
AC2D4R(E)4-node bilinear, reduced integration with hourglass control
AC2D6(S)6-node quadratic
AC2D8(S)8-node biquadratic
Active degree of freedom 8 Additional solution variables None. # Piezoelectric plane strain elements
CPE3E(S)3-node linear
CPE4E(S)4-node bilinear
CPE6E(S)6-node quadratic
CPE8E(S)8-node biquadratic
CPE8RE(S)8-node biquadratic, reduced integration
Active degrees of freedom 1, 2, 9 Additional solution variables None. Piezoelectric plane stress elements
CPS3E(S)3-node linear
CPS4E(S)4-node bilinear
CPS6E(S)6-node quadratic
CPS8E(S)8-node biquadratic
CPS8RE(S)8-node biquadratic, reduced integration
Active degrees of freedom 1, 2, 9 Additional solution variables None. Electromagnetic elements
EMC2D3(S)3-node zero-order
EMC2D4(S)4-node zero-order
Active degree of freedom Magnetic vector potential (for more information, see “Boundary conditions” in “Eddy current analysis,” Section 6.7.5, and “Boundary conditions” in “Magnetostatic analysis,” Section 6.7.6). Additional solution variables None. Nodal coordinates required X, Y Element property definition For all elements except generalized plane strain elements, you must provide the element thickness; by default, unit thickness is assumed. For generalized plane strain elements, you must provide three values: the initial length of the axial material fiber through the reference node, the initial value of $\Delta \phi _ { x }$ (in radians), and the initial value of $\Delta \phi _ { y }$ (in radians). If you do not provide these values, Abaqus assumes the default values of one unit as the initial length and zero for $\Delta \phi _ { x }$ and $\Delta \phi _ { y }$ . In addition, you must define the reference point for generalized plane strain elements.
Input File Usage:Use the following option to define the element properties for all elements except generalized plane strain elements:*SOLID SECTIONUse the following option to define the element properties for generalized plane strain elements:*SOLID SECTION, REF NODE=node number or node set name
Abaqus/CAE Usage:Property module:Create Section: selectSolidas the sectionCategoryand Homogeneous, Generalized plane strain, or Electromagnetic, Solidas the sectionTypeGeneralized plane strain sections must be assigned to regions of parts that have a reference point associated with them. To define the reference point:Part module:Tools→Reference Point: select reference point
# Element-based loading # Distributed loads Distributed loads are available for all elements with displacement degrees of freedom. They are specified as described in “Distributed loads,” Section 34.4.3.
Load ID(*DLOAD)Abaqus/CAELoad/InteractionUnitsDescription
BXBody force $FL^{-3}$ Body force in global X-direction.
BYBody force $FL^{-3}$ Body force in global Y-direction.
BXNUBody force $FL^{-3}$ Nonuniform body force in global X-direction with magnitude supplied via user subroutine DLOAD in Abaqus/Standard and VDLOAD in Abaqus/Explicit.
BYNUBody force $FL^{-3}$ Nonuniform body force in global Y-direction with magnitude supplied via user subroutine DLOAD in Abaqus/Standard and VDLOAD in Abaqus/Explicit.
Load ID (*DLOAD)Abaqus/CAE Load/InteractionUnitsDescription
$CENT^{(S)}$ Not supported $FL^{-4}(ML^{-3}T^{-2})$ Centrifugal load (magnitude is input as $\rho\omega^{2}$ , where $\rho$ is the mass density per unit volume, $\omega$ is the angular velocity). Not available for pore pressure elements.
$CENTRIF^{(S)}$ Rotational body force $T^{-2}$ Centrifugal load (magnitude is input as $\omega^{2}$ , where $\omega$ is the angular velocity).
$CORIO^{(S)}$ Coriolis force $FL^{-4}T (ML^{-3}T^{-1})$ Coriolis force (magnitude is input as $\rho\omega$ , where $\rho$ is the mass density per unit volume, $\omega$ is the angular velocity). Not available for pore pressure elements.
GRAVGravity $LT^{-2}$ Gravity loading in a specified direction (magnitude is input as acceleration).
$HPn^{(S)}$ Not supported $FL^{-2}$ Hydrostatic pressure on face $n$ , linear in global $Y$ .
$Pn$ Pressure $FL^{-2}$ Pressure on face $n$ .
$PnNU$ Not supported $FL^{-2}$ Nonuniform pressure on face $n$ with magnitude supplied via user subroutine DLOAD in Abaqus/Standard and VDLOAD in Abaqus/Explicit.
$ROTA^{(S)}$ Rotational body force $T^{-2}$ Rotary acceleration load (magnitude is input as $\alpha$ , where $\alpha$ is the rotary acceleration).
$SBF^{(E)}$ Not supported $FL^{-5}T^{2}$ Stagnation body force in global $X$ - and $Y$ -directions.
$SPn^{(E)}$ Not supported $FL^{-4}T^{2}$ Stagnation pressure on face $n$ .
$TRSHRn$ Surface traction $FL^{-2}$ Shear traction on face $n$ .
$TRSHRnNU^{(S)}$ Not supported $FL^{-2}$ Nonuniform shear traction on face $n$ with magnitude and direction supplied via user subroutine UTRACLOAD.
Load ID(*DLOAD)Abaqus/CAELoad/InteractionUnitsDescription
TRVECnSurface traction $FL^{-2}$ General traction on face n.
$TRVECnNU^{(S)}$ Not supported $FL^{-2}$ Nonuniform general traction on face n with magnitude and direction supplied via user subroutine UTRACLOAD.
$VBF^{(E)}$ Not supported $FL^{-4}T$ Viscous body force in global X- and Y-directions.
$VPn^{(E)}$ Not supported $FL^{-3}T$ Viscous pressure on face n, applying a pressure proportional to the velocity normal to the face and opposing the motion.
# Foundations Foundations are available for Abaqus/Standard elements with displacement degrees of freedom. They are specified as described in “Element foundations,” Section 2.2.2.
Load ID(*FOUNDATION)Abaqus/CAELoad/InteractionUnitsDescription
$Fn^{(S)}$ Elasticfoundation $FL^{-3}$ Elastic foundation on face $n$ .
# Distributed heat fluxes Distributed heat fluxes are available for all elements with temperature degrees of freedom. They are specified as described in “Thermal loads,” Section 34.4.4.
Load ID(*DFLUX)Abaqus/CAELoad/InteractionUnitsDescription
BFBody heat flux $JL^{-3}T^{-1}$ Heat body flux per unit volume.
BFNUBody heat flux $JL^{-3}T^{-1}$ Nonuniform heat body flux per unit volume with magnitude supplied via user subroutine DFLUX in Abaqus/Standard and VDFLUX in Abaqus/Explicit.
SnSurface heat flux $JL^{-2}T^{-1}$ Heat surface flux per unit area into face n.
Load ID(*DFLUX)Abaqus/CAELoad/InteractionUnitsDescription
SnNUNot supported $JL^{-2}T^{-1}$ Nonuniform heat surface flux per unit area into face $n$ with magnitude supplied via user subroutine DFLUX in Abaqus/Standard and VDFLUX in Abaqus/Explicit.
# Film conditions Film conditions are available for all elements with temperature degrees of freedom. They are specified as described in “Thermal loads,” Section 34.4.4.
Load ID(*FILM)Abaqus/CAE Load/InteractionUnitsDescription
FnSurface film condition $JL^{-2}T^{-1}\theta^{-1}$ Film coefficient and sink temperature (units of $\theta$ ) provided on face n.
FnNU(S)Not supported $JL^{-2}T^{-1}\theta^{-1}$ Nonuniform film coefficient and sink temperature (units of $\theta$ ) provided on face n with magnitude supplied via user subroutine FILM.
# Radiation types Radiation conditions are available for all elements with temperature degrees of freedom. They are specified as described in “Thermal loads,” Section 34.4.4.
Load ID(*RADIATE)Abaqus/CAELoad/InteractionUnitsDescription
RnSurface radiationDimensionlessEmissivity and sink temperature(units of θ) provided on face n.
# Distributed flows Distributed flows are available for all elements with pore pressure degrees of freedom. They are specified as described in “Pore fluid flow,” Section 34.4.7.
Load ID(*FLOW)Abaqus/CAELoad/InteractionUnitsDescription
$Qn^{(S)}$ Not supported $F^{-1}L^{3}T^{-1}$ Seepage coefficient and reference sink pore pressure (units of $FL^{-2}$ ) provided on face n.