# Foundations Foundations are available for Abaqus/Standard elements with displacement degrees of freedom. They are specified as described in “Element foundations,” Section 2.2.2.

Load ID(*FOUNDATION)	Abaqus/CAELoad/Interaction	Units	Description
$Fn^{(S)}$	Elasticfoundation	$FL^{-3}$	Elastic foundation on face $n$ .

# Distributed heat fluxes Distributed heat fluxes are available for all elements with temperature degrees of freedom. They are specified as described in “Thermal loads,” Section 34.4.4.

Load ID(*DFLUX)	Abaqus/CAELoad/Interaction	Units	Description
BF	Body heat flux	$JL^{-3}T^{-1}$	Heat body flux per unit volume.
BFNU	Body heat flux	$JL^{-3}T^{-1}$	Nonuniform heat body flux per unit volume with magnitude supplied via user subroutine DFLUX in Abaqus/Standard and VDFLUX in Abaqus/Explicit.
Sn	Surface heat flux	$JL^{-2}T^{-1}$	Heat surface flux per unit area into face n.
SnNU	Not supported	$JL^{-2}T^{-1}$	Nonuniform heat surface flux per unit area into face n with magnitude supplied via user subroutine DFLUX in Abaqus/Standard and VDFLUX in Abaqus/Explicit.

# Film conditions Film conditions are available for all elements with temperature degrees of freedom. They are specified as described in “Thermal loads,” Section 34.4.4.

Load ID(*FILM)	Abaqus/CAELoad/Interaction	Units	Description
Fn	Surface filmcondition	$JL^{-2}T^{-1}\theta^{-1}$	Film coefficient and sink temperature(units of $\theta$ ) provided on face n.

Load ID(*FILM)	Abaqus/CAELoad/Interaction	Units	Description
FnNU(S)	Not supported	$JL^{-2}T^{-1}\theta^{-1}$	Nonuniform film coefficient and sink temperature (units of $\theta$ ) provided on face $n$ with magnitude supplied via user subroutine FILM.

# Radiation types Radiation conditions are available for all elements with temperature degrees of freedom. They are specified as described in “Thermal loads,” Section 34.4.4.

Load ID(*RADIATE)	Abaqus/CAELoad/Interaction	Units	Description
Rn	Surface radiation	Dimensionless	Emissivity and sink temperature(units of θ) provided on face n.

# Distributed flows Distributed flows are available for all elements with pore pressure degrees of freedom. They are specified as described in “Pore fluid flow,” Section 34.4.7.

Load ID (*FLOW)	Abaqus/CAE Load/Interaction	Units	Description
$Qn^{(S)}$	Not supported	$F^{-1}L^{3}T^{-1}$	Seepage coefficient and reference sink pore pressure (units of $FL^{-2}$ ) provided on face n.
$QnD^{(S)}$	Not supported	$F^{-1}L^{3}T^{-1}$	Drainage-only seepage coefficient provided on face n.
$QnNU^{(S)}$	Not supported	$F^{-1}L^{3}T^{-1}$	Nonuniform seepage coefficient and reference sink pore pressure (units of $FL^{-2}$ ) provided on face n with magnitude supplied via user subroutine FLOW.
Load ID (*DFLOW)	Abaqus/CAE Load/Interaction	Units	Description
$Sn^{(S)}$	Surface pore fluid	$LT^{-1}$	Prescribed pore fluid effective velocity (outward from the face) on face n.

Load ID(*DFLOW)	Abaqus/CAE Load/Interaction	Units	Description
$SnNU^{(S)}$	Not supported	$LT^{-1}$	Nonuniform prescribed pore fluid effective velocity (outward from the face) on face $n$ with magnitude supplied via user subroutineDFLOW.

# Distributed impedances Distributed impedances are available for all elements with acoustic pressure degrees of freedom. They are specified as described in “Acoustic and shock loads,” Section 34.4.6.

Load ID(*IMPEDANCE)	Abaqus/CAELoad/Interaction	Units	Description
In	Not supported	None	Name of the impedance property that defines the impedance on face n.

# Electric fluxes Electric fluxes are available for piezoelectric elements. They are specified as described in “Piezoelectric analysis,” Section 6.7.2.

Load ID(*DECHARGE)	Abaqus/CAELoad/Interaction	Units	Description
$EBF^{(S)}$	Body charge	$CL^{-3}$	Body flux per unit volume.
$ESn^{(S)}$	Surface charge	$CL^{-2}$	Prescribed surface charge on face n.

# Distributed electric current densities Distributed electric current densities are available for coupled thermal-electrical, coupled thermal-electrical-structural elements, and electromagnetic elements. They are specified as described in “Coupled thermal-electrical analysis,” Section 6.7.3; “Fully coupled thermal-electrical-structural analysis,” Section 6.7.4; and “Eddy current analysis,” Section 6.7.5.

Load ID(*DECURRENT)	Abaqus/CAE Load/Interaction	Units	Description
$CBF^{(S)}$	Body current	$CL^{-3}T^{-1}$	Volumetric current source density.
$CSn^{(S)}$	Surface current	$CL^{-2}T^{-1}$	Current density on face n.
$CJ^{(S)}$	Body current density	$CL^{-2}T^{-1}$	Volume current density vector in an eddy current analysis.

# Distributed concentration fluxes Distributed concentration fluxes are available for mass diffusion elements. They are specified as described in “Mass diffusion analysis,” Section 6.9.1.

Load ID(*DFLUX)	Abaqus/CAE Load/Interaction	Units	Description
$BF^{(S)}$	Body concentration flux	$PT^{-1}$	Concentration body flux per unit volume.
$BFNU^{(S)}$	Body concentration flux	$PT^{-1}$	Nonuniform concentration body flux per unit volume with magnitude supplied via user subroutine $DFLUX$ .
$Sn^{(S)}$	Surface concentration flux	$PLT^{-1}$	Concentration surface flux per unit area into face $n$ .
$SnNU^{(S)}$	Surface concentration flux	$PLT^{-1}$	Nonuniform concentration surface flux per unit area into face $n$ with magnitude supplied via user subroutine $DFLUX$ .

# Surface-based loading # Distributed loads Surface-based distributed loads are available for all elements with displacement degrees of freedom. They are specified as described in “Distributed loads,” Section 34.4.3.

Load ID(*DSLOAD)	Abaqus/CAELoad/Interaction	Units	Description
HP(S)	Pressure	$FL^{-2}$	Hydrostatic pressure on the element surface, linear in global Z.
P	Pressure	$FL^{-2}$	Pressure on the element surface.
PNU	Pressure	$FL^{-2}$	Nonuniform pressure on the element surface with magnitude supplied via user subroutine DLOAD in Abaqus/Standard and VDLOAD in Abaqus/Explicit.
SP(E)	Pressure	$FL^{-4}T^{2}$	Stagnation pressure on the element surface.

Load ID(*DSLOAD)	Abaqus/CAELoad/Interaction	Units	Description
TRSHR	Surface traction	$FL^{-2}$	Shear traction on the element surface.
$TRSHRNU^{(S)}$	Surface traction	$FL^{-2}$	Nonuniform shear traction on the element surface with magnitude and direction supplied via user subroutine UTRACLOAD.
TRVEC	Surface traction	$FL^{-2}$	General traction on the element surface.
$TRVECNU^{(S)}$	Surface traction	$FL^{-2}$	Nonuniform general traction on the element surface with magnitude and direction supplied via user subroutine UTRACLOAD.
$VP^{(E)}$	Pressure	$FL^{-3}T$	Viscous pressure applied on the element surface. The viscous pressure is proportional to the velocity normal to the element face and opposing the motion.

# Distributed heat fluxes Surface-based heat fluxes are available for all elements with temperature degrees of freedom. They are specified as described in “Thermal loads,” Section 34.4.4.

Load ID(*DSFLUX)	Abaqus/CAELoad/Interaction	Units	Description
S	Surface heat flux	$JL^{-2}T^{-1}$	Heat surface flux per unit area into the element surface.
SNU	Surface heat flux	$JL^{-2}T^{-1}$	Nonuniform heat surface flux per unit area into the element surface with magnitude supplied via user subroutine DFLUX in Abaqus/Standard and VDFLUX in Abaqus/Explicit.

# Film conditions Surface-based film conditions are available for all elements with temperature degrees of freedom. They are specified as described in “Thermal loads,” Section 34.4.4.

Load ID(*SFILM)	Abaqus/CAELoad/Interaction	Units	Description
F	Surface film condition	$JL^{-2}T^{-1}\theta^{-1}$	Film coefficient and sink temperature (units of $\theta$ ) provided on the element surface.
$FNU^{(S)}$	Surface film condition	$JL^{-2}T^{-1}\theta^{-1}$	Nonuniform film coefficient and sink temperature (units of $\theta$ ) provided on the element surface with magnitude supplied via user subroutine $FILM$ .

# Radiation types Surface-based radiation conditions are available for all elements with temperature degrees of freedom. They are specified as described in “Thermal loads,” Section 34.4.4.

Load ID(*SRADIATE)	Abaqus/CAELoad/Interaction	Units	Description
R	Surface radiation	Dimensionless	Emissivity and sink temperature (units of θ) provided on the element surface.

# Distributed flows Surface-based flows are available for all elements with pore pressure degrees of freedom. They are specified as described in “Pore fluid flow,” Section 34.4.7.

Load ID(*SFLOW)	Abaqus/CAELoad/Interaction	Units	Description
$Q^{(S)}$	Not supported	$F^{-1}L^{3}T^{-1}$	Seepage coefficient and reference sink pore pressure (units of $FL^{-2}$ ) provided on the element surface.
$QD^{(S)}$	Not supported	$F^{-1}L^{3}T^{-1}$	Drainage-only seepage coefficient provided on the element surface.
$QNU^{(S)}$	Not supported	$F^{-1}L^{3}T^{-1}$	Nonuniform seepage coefficient and reference sink pore pressure (units of $FL^{-2}$ ) provided on the element surface with magnitude supplied via user subroutine FLOW.

Load ID(*DSFLOW)	Abaqus/CAE Load/Interaction	Units	Description
$S^{(S)}$	Surface pore fluid	$LT^{-1}$	Prescribed pore fluid effective velocity outward from the element surface.
$SNU^{(S)}$	Surface pore fluid	$LT^{-1}$	Nonuniform prescribed pore fluid effective velocity outward from the element surface with magnitude supplied via user subroutineDFLOW.

# Distributed impedances Surface-based impedances are available for all elements with acoustic pressure degrees of freedom. They are specified as described in “Acoustic and shock loads,” Section 34.4.6. # Incident wave loading Surface-based incident wave loads are available for all elements with displacement degrees of freedom or acoustic pressure degrees of freedom. They are specified as described in “Acoustic and shock loads,” Section 34.4.6. If the incident wave field includes a reflection off a plane outside the boundaries of the mesh, this effect can be included. # Electric fluxes Surface-based electric fluxes are available for piezoelectric elements. They are specified as described in “Piezoelectric analysis,” Section 6.7.2.

Load ID(*DSECHARGE)	Abaqus/CAELoad/Interaction	Units	Description
$ES^{(S)}$	Surface charge	$CL^{-2}$	Prescribed surface charge on the element surface.

# Distributed electric current densities Surface-based electric current densities are available for coupled thermal-electrical, coupled thermalelectrical-structural, and electromagnetic elements. They are specified as described in “Coupled thermalelectrical analysis,” Section 6.7.3, “Fully coupled thermal-electrical-structural analysis,” Section 6.7.4, and “Eddy current analysis,” Section 6.7.5.

Load ID(*DSECURRENT)	Abaqus/CAE Load/Interaction	Units	Description
$CS^{(S)}$	Surface current	$CL^{-2}T^{-1}$	Current density on the element surface.

Load ID(*DSECURRENT)	Abaqus/CAE Load/Interaction	Units	Description
CK(S)	Surface current density	$CL^{-1}T^{-1}$	Surface current density vector in an eddy current analysis.

# Element output For most elements output is in global directions unless a local coordinate system is assigned to the element through the section definition (“Orientations,” Section 2.2.5) in which case output is in the local coordinate system (which rotates with the motion in large-displacement analysis). See “State storage,” Section 1.5.4 of the Abaqus Theory Guide, for details. # Stress, strain, and other tensor components Stress and other tensors (including strain tensors) are available for elements with displacement degrees of freedom. All tensors have the same components. For example, the stress components are as follows:

S11	XX, direct stress.
S22	YY, direct stress.
S33	ZZ, direct stress.
S12	XY, shear stress.
S13	XZ, shear stress.
S23	YZ, shear stress.

Note: the order shown above is not the same as that used in user subroutine VUMAT. # Heat flux components Available for elements with temperature degrees of freedom.

HFL1	Heat flux in the X-direction.
HFL2	Heat flux in the Y-direction.
HFL3	Heat flux in the Z-direction.

# Pore fluid velocity components Available for elements with pore pressure degrees of freedom.

FLVEL1	Pore fluid effective velocity in the X-direction.
FLVEL2	Pore fluid effective velocity in the Y-direction.
FLVEL3	Pore fluid effective velocity in the Z-direction.

# Mass concentration flux components Available for elements with normalized concentration degrees of freedom.

MFL1	Concentration flux in the X-direction.
MFL2	Concentration flux in the Y-direction.
MFL3	Concentration flux in the Z-direction.

# Electrical potential gradient Available for elements with electrical potential degrees of freedom.

EPG1	Electrical potential gradient in the X-direction.
EPG2	Electrical potential gradient in the Y-direction.
EPG3	Electrical potential gradient in the Z-direction.

# Electrical flux components Available for piezoelectric elements.

EFLX1	Electrical flux in the X-direction.
EFLX2	Electrical flux in the Y-direction.
EFLX3	Electrical flux in the Z-direction.

# Electrical current density components Available for coupled thermal-electrical and coupled thermal-electrical-structural elements.

ECD1	Electrical current density in the X-direction.
ECD2	Electrical current density in the Y-direction.
ECD3	Electrical current density in the Z-direction.

# Electrical field components Available for electromagnetic elements in an eddy current analysis.

EME1	Electric field in the X-direction.
EME2	Electric field in the Y-direction.
EME3	Electric field in the Z-direction.

# Magnetic flux density components Available for electromagnetic elements.

EMB1	Magnetic flux density in the X-direction.
EMB2	Magnetic flux density in the Y-direction.
EMB3	Magnetic flux density in the Z-direction.

# Magnetic field components Available for electromagnetic elements. EMH1 Magnetic field in the X-direction. EMH2 Magnetic field in the Y-direction. EMH3 Magnetic field in the Z-direction. # Eddy current density components in an eddy current analysis Available for electromagnetic elements in an eddy current analysis. EMCD1 Eddy current density in the X-direction. EMCD2 Eddy current density in the Y-direction. EMCD3 Eddy current density in the Z-direction. # Applied volume current density components in an eddy current or magnetostatic analysis Available for electromagnetic elements in an eddy current or magnetostatic analysis. EMCDA1 Applied volume current density in the X-direction. EMCDA2 Applied volume current density in the Y-direction. EMCDA3 Applied volume current density in the Z-direction.