If a principal value or an invariant is requested for field-type output, the output request is replaced with an output request for the components of the corresponding tensor. Abaqus/CAE calculates all principal values and invariants from these components. If a principal value is desired as history-type output, it must be requested explicitly since Abaqus/CAE does no calculations on history data. # Tensor output Tensor variables that are written to the output database as field-type output are written as components in either the default directions defined by the convention given in “Orientations,” Section 2.2.5 (global directions for solid elements, surface directions for shell and membrane elements, and axial and transverse directions for beam and pipe elements), or the user-defined local system. Abaqus/CAE calculates all principal values and invariants from these components. See “Writing field output data,” Section 9.6.4 of the Abaqus Scripting User’s Guide, for a description of the different types of tensor variables. The components for tensor variables are written to the output database in single precision. Therefore, a small amount of precision roundoff error may occur when calculating the variables’ principal values. Such roundoff error may be observed, for example, when analytically zero values are calculated as relatively small yet nonzero values. # Requesting output of components Individual components of variables can be requested as history-type output in the output database for X–Y plotting in Abaqus/CAE. Individual component requests are not available for field-type output. If a particular component is desired for contouring in Abaqus/CAE, request field output of the generic variable (e.g., S for stress). Output for individual components of this field output can be requested within the Visualization module of Abaqus/CAE. # Element integration point variables You can request element integration point variable output to the results or output database file (see “Element output” in “Output to the data and results files,” Section 4.1.2, and “Element output” in “Output to the output database,” Section 4.1.3).

Identifier	.fil	.odb	Description
		Field History

Tensors and invariants

S

●

●

●

All stress components.

Identifier .fil .odb Field History

MISESMAX		•		Maximum Mises stress among all of the section points. For a shell element it represents the maximum Mises value among all the section points in the layer, for a beam or pipe element it is the maximum Mises stress among all the section points in the cross-section, and for a solid element it represents the Mises stress at the integration points.
Sij			•	ij-component of stress (i ≤ j ≤ 3).
SP	•	•	•	All principal stress components.
SPn			•	Minimum, intermediate, and maximum principal stress components (SP1 ≤ SP2 ≤ SP3).
E	•	•	•	All infinitesimal strain components for geometrically linear analysis.
Eij			•	ij-component of infinitesimal strain (i ≤ j ≤ 3).
LE	•	•	•	All logarithmic strain components.
LEij			•	ij-component of logarithmic strain (i ≤ j ≤ 3).
LEP	•	•	•	All principal logarithmic strain components.
LEPn			•	Minimum, intermediate, and maximum principal logarithmic strain components (LEP1 ≤ LEP2 ≤ LEP3).
ER	•	•	•	All logarithmic strain rate components.
ERij			•	ij-component of logarithmic strain rate (i ≤ j ≤ 3).
ERP	•	•	•	All principal logarithmic strain rate components.
ERPn			•	Minimum, intermediate, and maximum principal strain rate components (ERP1 ≤ ERP2 ≤ ERP3).
NE	•	•	•	All nominal strain components.
NEij			•	ij-component of nominal strain (i ≤ j ≤ 3).
NEP	•	•	•	All principal nominal strain components.
NEPn			•	Minimum, intermediate, and maximum principal nominal strain components (NEP1 ≤ NEP2 ≤ NEP3).
PE	•	•	•	All plastic strain components.
PEij			•	ij-component of plastic strain (i ≤ j ≤ 3).
PEP		•	•	All principal plastic strains.
PEPn			•	Minimum, intermediate, and maximum principal plastic strains.
ERV	•	•	•	Volumetric strain rate.

Description

Identifier	.fil	.odb
		Field	History
MISES	•	•	•
PRESS	•	•	•
TRIAX		•	•
YIELDS		•	•
MASSADJUST		•
ALPHA	•	•	•
ALPHAij			•
ALPHAP	•	•	•
ALPHAPn			•
SNETk		•	•
SNETk_ij			•
PEEQ	•	•	•

# Description Mises equivalent stress, defined as $q \ = \ \sqrt { \frac { 3 } { 2 } { \bf S } : { \bf S } } .$ where is the deviatoric stress tensor, defined as $\mathbf { S } =$ $\boldsymbol { \sigma } + p \mathbf { I }$ , where $\sigma$ is the stress and $\begin{array} { r } { p = - \frac { 1 } { 3 } \mathrm { t r a c e } ( \sigma ) } \end{array}$ is the equivalent pressure stress. Equivalent pressure stress, $\begin{array} { r } { p = - \frac { 1 } { 3 } \mathrm { t r a c e } ( \pmb { \sigma } ) } \end{array}$ . Stress triaxiality, $\eta = - p / q .$ . Yield stress, $\sigma ^ { 0 }$ , available for Mises, Johnson-Cook, and Hill plasticity material models. Adjusted or redistributed mass in each element that is included in the element sets used with mass adjustment. This output is available only in the first output frame of the first analysis step. All total kinematic hardening shift tensor components. -component of the total shift tensor $( i \leq j \leq 3 )$ . All principal values of the total shift tensor. Minimum, intermediate, and maximum principal values of the total shift tensor $( \mathrm { A L P H A P 1 } ~ \leq$ $\mathrm { A L P H A P 2 } \leq \mathrm { A L P H A P 3 } )$ . All stress components in the $k ^ { t h }$ network $\mathrm { ~ ( 0 ~ } \leq$ $k \leq 1 0 )$ . Available only for the parallel rheological framework. -component of stress in the $k ^ { t h }$ network $( i \leq j \leq 3$ and $0 ~ \leq ~ k ~ \leq ~ 1 0 )$ . Available only for the parallel rheological framework. Equivalent plastic strain. For porous metal plasticity PEEQ is the equivalent plastic strain in the matrix material defined as $\int \frac { \pmb { \sigma } { : } d \pmb { \epsilon } ^ { p l } } { ( 1 - f ) \sigma _ { y } }$ g:depi . For cap plasticity PEEQ gives $p _ { b }$ (the cap position). For crushable foam plasticity with volumetric hardening PEEQ givesplastic strain defined as $- \varepsilon _ { \mathrm { v o l } } ^ { p l }$ volumetric compacting. For crushable foam plasticity with isotropic hardening PEEQ gives the equivalent plastic strain defined as Pgdeng $\int \frac { \pmb { \sigma } { : } d \pmb { \varepsilon } ^ { p \bar { l } } } { \sigma _ { c } }$ where $\sigma _ { c }$ is the uniaxial compression yield stress.

Identifier	.fil	.odb		Description
		Field	History
PEEQT		•	•	Equivalent plastic strain in uniaxial tension for cast iron, Mohr-Coulomb tension cutoff, and concrete damaged plasticity, which is defined as $\int \dot{\varepsilon}_{t}^{pl} dt$ .
PEEQR		•	•	Equivalent plastic strain rate.
PEEQMAX		•		Maximum equivalent plastic strain, PEEQ, among all of the section points. For a shell element it represents the maximum PEEQ value among all the section points in the layer, for a beam or a pipe element it is the maximum PEEQ among all the section points in the cross-section, and for a solid element it represents the PEEQ at the integration points.
DMICRTMAX		•		Maximum damage initiation among all of the section points and all of the damage initiation criteria.This output variable generates three output quantities as follows:DMICRTMAXVAL outputs the maximum damage initiation value.DMICRTPOS outputs the section point in the layer in which the maximum damage initiation value occurred. For solid elements, the output value is one.DMICRTTYPE outputs a value that represents the damage initiation criteria type that reached the maximum value in the element as follows:For elements that have failure with progressive damage: 1-DUCTCRT, 2-SHRCRT, 3-JCCRT, 4-FLDCRT, 5-MSFLDCRT, 6-FLSDCRT, and 7-MKCRT.For elements that have fiber-reinforced material damage: 11-HSNFTCRT, 12-HSNFCCRT, 13-HSNMTCRT, and 14-HSNMCCRT.For cohesive elements with traction-separation behavior: 21-MAXSCRT, 22-MAXECRT, 23-QUADSCRT, and 24-QUADECRT.

Identifier .fil .odb Field History

STATUSMP

●

Geometric quantities

COORD

●

●

LOCALDIRn

○

Description The maximum damage initiation output values are retained across the requested output frames until a higher maximum damage initiation value is computed. Status of each material point in the element (1.0 if the material point is active, 0.0 if it is not active). Coordinates of the integration point for solid elements. These are the current coordinates if the large-displacement formulation is being used. Direction cosines of the local material directions for an anisotropic hyperelastic material model, or yarn direction cosines for a fabric material model. This variable is output automatically if any other element field output is requested for anisotropic hyperelastic or fabric material (see “Output” in “Anisotropic hyperelastic behavior,” Section 22.5.3, and “Output” in “Fabric material behavior,” Section 23.4.1). Additional element stresses

TSHR

●

●

●

TSHR13

●

TSHR23

●

Energy densities

ENER

●

●

●

SENER

●

●

PENER

●

●

CENER

●

●

VENER

●

●

DMENER

●

●

All transverse shear stress components for threedimensional conventional shell elements. -component of transverse shear stress. -component of transverse shear stress. All energy densities. Elastic strain energy density, per unit volume. Energy dissipated by rate-independent and ratedependent plasticity, per unit volume. Energy dissipated by viscoelasticity, per unit volume. (Not supported for hyperelastic and hyperfoam material models with linear viscoelasticity.) Energy dissipated by viscous effects, per unit volume. Energy dissipated by damage, per unit volume. Identifier .fil .odb Field History State and field variables

SDV	●	●	●
SDVn		●	●
TEMP	●	●	●
DENSITY		●	●
FV		●	●
FVn			●

Composite failure measures

CFAILURE	•
MSTRS
TSAIH
TSAIW
AZZIT
MSTRN

Additional plasticity quantities

PEQC	●	●	●
PEQCn			●

Porous metal plasticity quantities

VVF

●

●

●

Description

Solution-dependent state variables.

Solution-dependent state variable n.

Temperature.

Material density.

Field variables.

Field variable n.

All failure measure components.

Maximum stress theory failure measure.

Tsai-Hill theory failure measure.

Tsai-Wu theory failure measure.

Azzi-Tsai-Hill theory failure measure.

Maximum strain theory failure measure.

All equivalent plastic strains, when the model has more than one yield/failure surface. nth equivalent plastic strain ( ). For cap plasticity: PEQC provides equivalent plastic strains for all three possible yield/failure surfaces (Drucker-Prager failure surface - PEQC1, cap surface - PEQC2, and transition surface - PEQC3) and the total volumetric plastic strain (PEQC4). All identifiers also provide a yes/no flag (1/0 in the output database), telling whether the yield surface is currently active or not (AC YIELD: “actively yielding”). When PEQC is requested as output to the output database, the active yield flags for each component are named AC YIELD1, AC YIELD2, etc. Void volume fraction (porous metal plasticity).

Identifier	.fil	.odb
		Field	History
VVFG	●	●	●
VVFN	●	●	●

Concrete damaged plasticity

DAMAGEC	●	●
DAMAGET	●	●
SDEG	●	●
PEEQ	●	●
PEEQR	●	●

Cracking model quantities

CKE	•
CKEij
CKLE	•
CKLEij
CKEMAG	•
CKLS	•
CKLSij
CRACK	•
CKSTAT	•

Failure with progressive damage

DMICRT	•	•
DUCTCRT		•
JCCRT		•
SHRCRT		•
FLDCRT		•

# Description Void volume fraction due to growth (porous metal plasticity). Void volume fraction due to nucleation (porous metal plasticity). Compressive damage variable, $d _ { c } .$ . Tensile damage variable, $d _ { t }$ Scalar stiffness degradation variable, d. Equivalent plastic strain in uniaxial compression, which is defined as $\int \dot { \bar { \varepsilon } } _ { c } ^ { p l } d t .$ . Equivalent plastic strain rate. All cracking strain components. -component of cracking strain. All cracking strain components in local crack axes. -component of cracking strain in local crack axes. Cracking strain magnitude, defined as $$ \sqrt {(e _ {n n} ^ {c k}) ^ {2} + (e _ {t t} ^ {c k}) ^ {2} + (e _ {s s} ^ {c k}) ^ {2}}. $$ All stress components in local crack axes. -component of stress in local crack axes. Crack orientations. Crack status of each crack. CKSTAT can have the following values for each crack: 0.0=uncracked, 1.0=closed crack, 2.0=actively cracking, 3.0=crack closing/reopening. All active components of the damage initiation criteria. Ductile damage initiation criterion. Johnson-Cook damage initiation criterion. Shear damage initiation criterion. Forming limit diagram (FLD) damage initiation criterion.

Identifier	.fil	.odb	Description
		Field History
FLSDCRT		•	Forming limit stress diagram (FLSD) damage initiation criterion.
MSFLDCRT		•	Müschenborn-Sonne forming limit stress diagram (MSFLD) damage initiation criterion.
MKCRT		•	Marciniak-Kuczynski (M-K) damage initiation criterion.
SDEG		•	Overall scalar stiffness degradation.
ERPRATIO		•	Ratio of principal strain rates, $\alpha$ , used for the MSFLD damage initiation criterion.
SHRRATIO		•	Shear stress ratio, $\theta_s = (q + k_s p)/\tau_{\text{max}}$ , used for the shear damage initiation criterion.

Fiber-reinforced materials damage

DMICRT	•	•	All active components of the damage initiation criteria.
HSNFTCRT		•	Hashin’s fiber tensile damage initiation criterion.
HSNFCCRT		•	Hashin’s fiber compressive damage initiation criterion.
HSNMTCRT		•	Hashin’s matrix tensile damage initiation criterion.
HSNMCCRT		•	Hashin’s matrix compressive damage initiation criterion.
DAMAGEFT	•	•	Fiber tensile damage variable.
DAMAGEFC	•	•	Fiber compressive damage variable.
DAMAGEMT	•	•	Matrix tensile damage variable.
DAMAGEMC	•	•	Matrix compressive damage variable.
DAMAGESHR	•	•	Shear damage variable.

Fabric material Output variable LOCALDIR (described above) is output automatically for fabric materials.

SFABRIC	•	•	All fabric stress components.
EFABRIC	•	•	All fabric strain components.
SFABRICij		•	ij-component of fabric stress (i≤j≤3).
EFABRICij		•	ij-component of fabric strain (i≤j≤3).

Equation of state

BURNF	●	●	Burn fraction of the ignition and growth material.
DBURNF	●	●	Reaction rate of the ignition and growth material.

Identifier	.fil	.odb
		Field	History
RHOE		●	●
RHOP		●	●
PALPH		●	●
PALPHMIN		●	●

Rebar quantities

RBFOR	●	●	●
RBANG	●	●	●
RBROT	●	●	●

Integration point coordinates

COORD

●

●

Coupled thermal-stress elements

HFL	$\bullet$	$\bullet$	$\bullet$
HFLM			$\bullet$
HFLn			$\bullet$

Cohesive elements

MAXSCRT		●
MAXECRT		●
QUADSCRT		●
QUADECRT		●
DMICRT	●	●
SDEG	●	●
STATUS	●	●

# Description Density of the unreacted explosive in the ignition and growth material. Density of the reacted gas product in the ignition and growth material. Distension, , of the $P - \alpha$ porous material. Minimum value, $\alpha _ { m i n }$ , of the distension attained during plastic compaction of the porous material. Force in rebar. Angle, in degrees, between rebar and the userspecified isoparametric direction. Available only for shell and membrane elements. Change in angle, in degrees, between rebar and the user-specified isoparametric direction. Available only for shell and membrane elements. Coordinates of element integration point. Current magnitude and components of the heat flux per unit area vector. Current magnitude of the heat flux per unit area vector. Component n of the heat flux vector ( ). Maximum nominal stress damage initiation criterion. Maximum nominal strain damage initiation criterion. Quadratic nominal stress damage initiation criterion. Quadratic nominal strain damage initiation criterion. All active components of the damage initiation criteria. Overall scalar stiffness degradation. Status of the element (the status of an element is 1.0 if the element is active, 0.0 if the element is not).

Identifier .fil	.odb		Description
	Field	History
MMIXDME	•	•	Mode mix ratio during damage evolution. It has a value of -1.0 before initiation of damage.
MMIXDMI	•	•	Mode mix ratio at damage initiation. It has a value of -1.0 before initiation of damage.
Eulerian elements
EVF	•	•	Eulerian volume fraction. Output includes volume fraction data for each material defined in the Eulerian section, plus the volume fraction of void.
DENSITYVAVG	•		Density, computed as a volume fraction weighted average of all materials in the element.
MISESVAVG	•		Mises stress, computed as a volume fraction weighted average of all materials in the element.
PEVAVG	•		Plastic strain components, computed as a volume fraction weighted average of all materials in the element.
PEEQVAVG	•		Equivalent plastic strain, computed as a volume fraction weighted average of all materials in the element.
PRESSVAVG	•		Equivalent pressure stress, computed as a volume fraction weighted average of all materials in the element.
SVAVG	•		Stress components, computed as a volume fraction weighted average of all materials in the element.
TEMPMAVG	•		Temperature, computed as a mass fraction weighted average of all materials in the element.

# Element section variables You can request element section variable output to the results or output database file (see “Element output” in “Output to the data and results files,” Section 4.1.2, and “Element output” in “Output to the output database,” Section 4.1.3). These variables are available only for beam, pipe, and shell elements with the exception of STH, which is also available for membrane and plane stress elements. They are defined for particular elements in the element descriptions in Part VI, “Elements.”