김경종
7.9 KiB
Contact modeling if substructures are present 37.3.9
Contact modeling if asymmetric-axisymmetric elements are present 37.3.10
Defining general contact in Abaqus/Explicit
Defining general contact interactions in Abaqus/Explicit 37.4.1
Assigning surface properties for general contact in Abaqus/Explicit 37.4.2
Assigning contact properties for general contact in Abaqus/Explicit 37.4.3
Controlling initial contact status for general contact in Abaqus/Explicit 37.4.4
Contact controls for general contact in Abaqus/Explicit 37.4.5
Defining contact pairs in Abaqus/Explicit
Defining contact pairs in Abaqus/Explicit 37.5.1
Assigning surface properties for contact pairs in Abaqus/Explicit 37.5.2
Assigning contact properties for contact pairs in Abaqus/Explicit 37.5.3
Adjusting initial surface positions and specifying initial clearances for contact pairs in Abaqus/Explicit 37.5.4
Contact controls for contact pairs in Abaqus/Explicit 37.5.5
38. Contact Property Models
Mechanical contact properties
Mechanical contact properties: overview 38.1.1
Contact pressure-overclosure relationships 38.1.2
Contact damping 38.1.3
Contact blockage 38.1.4
Frictional behavior 38.1.5
User-defined interfacial constitutive behavior 38.1.6
Pressure penetration loading 38.1.7
Interaction of debonded surfaces 38.1.8
Breakable bonds 38.1.9
Surface-based cohesive behavior 38.1.10
Thermal contact properties
Thermal contact properties 38.2.1
Electrical contact properties
Electrical contact properties 38.3.1
Pore fluid contact properties
Pore fluid contact properties 38.4.1
39. Contact Formulations and Numerical Methods
Contact formulations and numerical methods in Abaqus/Standard
Contact formulations in Abaqus/Standard 39.1.1
Contact constraint enforcement methods in Abaqus/Standard 39.1.2
Smoothing contact surfaces in Abaqus/Standard 39.1.3
Contact formulations and numerical methods in Abaqus/Explicit
Contact formulation for general contact in Abaqus/Explicit 39.2.1
Contact formulations for contact pairs in Abaqus/Explicit 39.2.2
Contact constraint enforcement methods in Abaqus/Explicit 39.2.3
40. Contact Difficulties and Diagnostics
Resolving contact difficulties in Abaqus/Standard
Contact diagnostics in an Abaqus/Standard analysis 40.1.1
Common difficulties associated with contact modeling in Abaqus/Standard 40.1.2
Resolving contact difficulties in Abaqus/Explicit
Contact diagnostics in an Abaqus/Explicit analysis 40.2.1
Common difficulties associated with contact modeling using contact pairs in Abaqus/Explicit 40.2.2
41. Contact Elements in Abaqus/Standard
Contact modeling with elements
Contact modeling with elements 41.1.1
Gap contact elements
Gap contact elements 41.2.1
Gap element library 41.2.2
Tube-to-tube contact elements
Tube-to-tube contact elements 41.3.1
Tube-to-tube contact element library 41.3.2
Slide line contact elements
Slide line contact elements 41.4.1
Axisymmetric slide line element library 41.4.2
Rigid surface contact elements
Rigid surface contact elements 41.5.1
Axisymmetric rigid surface contact element library 41.5.2
42. Defining Cavity Radiation in Abaqus/Standard
Defining cavity radiation
Cavity radiation 42.1.1
Part V: Materials
• Chapter 21, “Materials: Introduction”
• Chapter 22, “Elastic Mechanical Properties”
• Chapter 23, “Inelastic Mechanical Properties”
• Chapter 24, “Progressive Damage and Failure”
• Chapter 25, “Hydrodynamic Properties”
• Chapter 26, “Other Material Properties”
21. Materials: Introduction
Introduction 21.1
General properties 21.2
21.1 Introduction
• “Material library: overview,” Section 21.1.1
• “Material data definition,” Section 21.1.2
• “Combining material behaviors,” Section 21.1.3
21.1.1 MATERIAL LIBRARY: OVERVIEW
This chapter describes how to define materials in Abaqus and contains brief descriptions of each of the material behaviors provided. Further details of the more advanced behaviors are provided in the Abaqus Theory Guide.
Defining materials
Materials are defined by:
• selecting material behaviors and defining them (“Material data definition,” Section 21.1.2); and
• combining complementary material behaviors such as elasticity and plasticity (“Combining material behaviors,” Section 21.1.3).
A local coordinate system can be used for material calculations (“Orientations,” Section 2.2.5). Any anisotropic properties must be given in this local system.
Available material behaviors
The material library in Abaqus is intended to provide comprehensive coverage of both linear and nonlinear, isotropic and anisotropic material behaviors. The use of numerical integration in the elements, including numerical integration across the cross-sections of shells and beams, provides the flexibility to analyze the most complex composite structures.
Material behaviors fall into the following general categories:
• general properties (material damping, density, thermal expansion);
• elastic mechanical properties;
• inelastic mechanical properties;
• thermal properties;
• acoustic properties;
• hydrostatic fluid properties;
• equations of state;
• mass diffusion properties;
• electrical properties; and
• pore fluid flow properties.
Some of the mechanical behaviors offered are mutually exclusive: such behaviors cannot appear together in a single material definition. Some behaviors require the presence of other behaviors; for example, plasticity requires linear elasticity. Such requirements are discussed at the end of each material behavior description, as well as in “Combining material behaviors,” Section 21.1.3.
Using material behaviors with various element types
There are no general restrictions on the use of particular material behaviors with solid, shell, beam, and pipe elements. Any combination that makes sense is acceptable. The few restrictions that do exist are mentioned when that particular behavior is described in the pages that follow. A section on the elements available for use with a material behavior appears at the end of each material behavior description.
Using complete material definitions
A material definition can include behaviors that are not meaningful for the elements or analysis in which the material is being used. Such behaviors will be ignored. For example, a material definition can include heat transfer properties (conductivity, specific heat) as well as stress-strain properties (elastic moduli, yield stress, etc). When this material definition is used with uncoupled stress/displacement elements, the heat transfer properties are ignored by Abaqus; when it is used with heat transfer elements, the mechanical strength properties are ignored. This capability allows you to develop complete material definitions and use them in any analysis.
Defining spatially varying material behavior for homogenous solid continuum elements using distributions in Abaqus/Standard
In Abaqus/Standard spatially varying mass density (“Density,” Section 21.2.1), linear elastic behavior (“Linear elastic behavior,” Section 22.2.1), and thermal expansion (“Thermal expansion,” Section 26.1.2) can be defined for homogeneous solid continuum elements using distributions (“Distribution definition,” Section 2.8.1). Using distributions in a model with significant variation in material behavior can greatly simplify pre- and postprocessing and improve performance during the analysis by allowing a single material definition to define the spatially varying material behavior. Without distributions such a model may require many material definitions and associated section assignments.